Garganey Spatula querquedula
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 06 Oct 1988
Late date 26 Mar 1989
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
This used to be the only migratory duck in Singapore with annual sightings, but sightings have completely dried up recently. Out of six migratory ducks in Singapore, this is the only species with no confirmed records since 2007. The last record was in 2001.
Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 01 Nov 1983
Late date 01 Mar 1994
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Last record of this rare vagrant was in Dec 2008. There have been recent records in Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah.
Gadwall at Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Gadwall Mareca strepera
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
With only one historical record of one bird in Punggol in 1989, the sighting of five birds together at Sungei Buloh in Dec 2020 came as quite a surprise.
Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Recent record: one male at Kranji on 23 Dec 2018.
Northern Pintail Anas acuta
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 01 Nov 1983
Late date 07 Mar 2020
Double-tap to reset zoom
Another rare vagrant duck, with two records in the last decade.
Tufted Duck (female) at Tokyo Imperial Palace. Photo credit: See Toh Yew Wai
Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Migratory ducks are remarkably hard to come by in Singapore, and don't stay long when they show up. This species is no exception, with only one recent record in Dec 2020.
Grey Nightjar Caprimulgus jotaka
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
This heavily under-recorded nightjar is presumably much more common than the numbers here suggest. Its tendency to roost in the canopy during the day makes it difficult to observe this species well.
White-throated Needletail at Jelutong Tower. Photo credit: Francis Yap
White-throated Needletail Hirundapus caudacutus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Only recorded as a passage migrant, and nearly all records are from mid-Oct to mid-Nov with only a few sporadic records on northward passage in Mar and Apr.
Silver-backed Needletail Hirundapus cochinchinensis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
All confirmed records in the last 10 years have come during the months of Oct and Nov, and mostly seen at the end of Nov.
Brown-backed Needletail Hirundapus giganteus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Usually seen during the raptor migration period in Oct and Nov. Decent views or photographs are required to rule out the similar Silver-backed Needletail, which has a slightly paler throat.
Common Swift Apus apus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Both of this species's records in Singapore were in Oct 2020. It lacks the white rump of the similar and much more common Pacific Swift.
Pacific Swift at Henderson Waves. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Pacific Swift Apus pacificus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A fixture at raptor migration hotspots in Oct and Nov. With some effort (and very good photos), you may be able to pick out a Cook's Swift, which has not yet been recorded in Singapore as of Sep 2022.
Adult Chestnut-winged Cuckoo at Bidadari. Photo Credit: Alan Ng
Chestnut-winged Cuckoo Clamator coromandus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A scarce migrant infrequently recorded across the island from Oct to Apr.
Jacobin Cuckoo at Lorong Halus. Photo credit: Alan Ng
Jacobin Cuckoo Clamator jacobinus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Feb 12-Feb 18, Feb 19-Feb 25, Feb 26-Mar 04 (2 more)
Early date 04 Dec 2013
Late date 04 Apr 2015
Double-tap to reset zoom
Two past records, both at Lorong Halus, and perhaps just the same bird returning two years in a row: 2013-14 and 2014-15.
Asian Emerald Cuckoo at Ghim Moh Link. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Asian Emerald Cuckoo Chrysococcyx maculatus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Recently recorded from Dec to Apr, but appearances more likely timed with large caterpillar hatches.
Horsfield's Bronze Cuckoo Chrysococcyx basalis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
An austral migrant breeding in Australia. Most birds winter in the Lesser Sundas, and some reach Singapore from Apr to Aug.
Square-tailed Drongo-Cuckoo Surniculus lugubris
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Higher numbers on the bar chart likely indicate periods when this species is most vocal, rather than when it is most numerous. The resident population may be augmented by migrants from Indochina in winter.
Large Hawk-Cuckoo Hierococcyx sparverioides
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Scarce yet regular winter visitor, with several sightings in wooded areas each year.
Malaysian Hawk-Cuckoo Hierococcyx fugax
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Generally thought to be a migratory species more commonly encountered in winter, but perhaps it's less of a seasonal migrant and more of a year-round visitor?
Adult Hodgson’s Hawk-Cuckoo at Bidadari. Photo Credit: Daniel Koh aka Hiker
Hodgson's Hawk-Cuckoo Hierococcyx nisicolor
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A fairly easy bird to twitch these days, as it tends to spend a while at one location before moving on. Like other cuckoos, often seen at trees with caterpillar infestations.
Indian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Usually quite common from Nov to Dec, with numbers dwindling through the spring months.
Female hepatic morph Himalayan Cuckoo at Bidadari. Photo Credit: Alan Ng
Himalayan Cuckoo Cuculus saturatus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 21 Oct 1995
Late date 02 Dec 1995
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Difficulty in separating this species from the visually identical Oriental Cuckoo (which has not yet been confirmed to occur in Singapore) has led to a low number of proven records.
Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
One past record in Nov 2018 on St John's Island.
Ashy-headed Green Pigeon at Central Catchment Nature Reserve, 9 October 2021. Photo credit: Yip Jen Wei
Ashy-headed Green Pigeon Treron phayrei
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Only one record of this species in Singapore, from Oct 2021. Perhaps we need to spend more time and care looking closely at the green pigeons to find a rarity like this?
Masked Finfoot at Mandai. Photo Credit: Myron Tay
Masked Finfoot Heliopais personatus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 09 Jan 2010
Late date 13 Apr 2002
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
This globally Endangered species was last seen in Jan 2010 at Upper Seletar Reservoir.
Band-bellied Crake at Singapore Botanic Gardens. Photo Credit: See Toh Yew Wai
Band-bellied Crake Zapornia paykullii
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 19 Jan 2018
Late date 28 Apr 2019
Double-tap to reset zoom
A globally rare migrant. Like other crakes, can remain inconspicuous and difficult to see. Past records have all been in Jan or later.
Juvenile Baillon’s Crake at Punggol Barat. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Baillon's Crake Zapornia pusilla
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Recent sightings have been concentrated in Dec-Mar. A difficult species to see as it often skulks in the undergrowth bordering ponds and marshes.
Slaty-legged Crake Rallina eurizonoides
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Jan 01-Jan 07, Nov 19-Nov 25, Dec 03-Dec 09 (2 more)
Early date 21 Nov 2020
Late date 16 Apr 1989
Double-tap to reset zoom
A rare migrant crake, possibly overlooked due to its secretive habits.
Red-legged Crake Rallina fasciata
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
This species has a breeding population in Singapore, but some migrants are likely to occur too.
Watercock Gallicrex cinerea
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A late-arriving migrant. Occasionally observed in wetlands and grasslands, and unfortunately also a frequent victim of building collisions.
Black-winged Stilt at Punggol Barat. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Recent breeding on Pulau Tekong has confirmed this species has a small resident population in Singapore. Other sporadic appearances may be of migrants or visitors from the surrounding region.
Grey-headed Lapwing Vanellus cinereus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Nov 12-Nov 18, Dec 10-Dec 16, Dec 17-Dec 23 (1 more)
Early date 17 Oct 2007
Late date 11 Mar 2023
Double-tap to reset zoom
The recent discovery of hundreds of Grey-headed Lapwings wintering on coastal sites in northern Sumatra suggests this species may be a relatively frequent but underdetected vagrant to Singapore.
Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A common wader often seen in large flocks, particularly when roosting. Early migrants arrive by early August.
Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The best place in Singapore to see this bird is in Chek Jawa, where many Grey Plovers spend the winter. Look out for birds in breeding plumage at the start and end of the migratory season!
Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 11 Sep 1983
Late date 08 Apr 1995
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
The last record of this shorebird in Singapore was in Oct 1995 at Sungei Buloh.
Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Early birds may start arriving as early as July, although this species is more commonly encountered in the months of September, October, and January.
Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
An annual migrant to the breakwater at Marina East, where it is most frequently encountered.
White-faced Plover Charadrius dealbatus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Jan 01-Jan 07, Jan 08-Jan 14, Jan 15-Jan 21 (4 more)
Early date 16 Sep 2017
Late date 10 Apr 1994
Double-tap to reset zoom
While the earliest records are are in Sep, this species is only really regular from end Oct to Feb, when recently many birds have been observed wintering at Marina East.
Greater Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
An uncommon wader, with most records in August and September. Often associates with Lesser Sand Plover.
Tibetan Sand Plover Charadrius atrifrons
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
As with many shorebirds, numbers are greatest in the fall months, likely during their southward passage. Birds in breeding plumage have a sharp-looking facial pattern – they can often be found in August.
Oriental Plover at Seletar Dam. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Oriental Plover Charadrius veredus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Although this species is known to breed in northern China and Mongolia, and winters in Australia, records are few in southeast Asia and even in the Indonesian archipelago. Vagrants to Singapore may be seen at any time of the season, with the earliest record in Sep.
Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
A locally rare waterbird occasionally recorded in Singapore. Despite the name, only breeding-plumaged birds are truly "pheasant-tailed". During the winter months, birds have short tails.
Eurasian Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One of Singapore's commonest shorebirds, with high numbers arriving in the fall and continuing through the winter months.
Little Curlew Numenius minutus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 25 Oct 1997
Late date 19 Apr 1998
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Only two past confirmed records: Oct/Nov 1997, at Tuas; and Apr 1998, at Sungei Buloh.
Far Eastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 01 Oct 1948
Late date 27 Jan 1989
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Only five past accepted records, with the most recent one on 3 Nov 2007 at Sungei Buloh.
Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Scanning through a flock of Eurasian Whimbrels, you may be lucky enough to see a paler, larger, and longer-billed Eurasian Curlew – or perhaps even a Far Eastern Curlew!
Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Recorded every winter in the single digits at Chek Jawa, and sometimes a few turn up at other shorebird sites such as Seletar Dam and Sungei Buloh.
Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Check in flocks of Common Redshank and Eurasian Whimbrel for a sighting of this scarce migrant.
Juvenile Ruddy Turnstone at Seletar Dam. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Earliest arrivals of this small, distinctive wader are in Aug. Most numerous at Chek Jawa, but easier seen and photographed when they sometimes appear at other shorebird sites.
Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Yet another increasingly scarce wader in Singapore, but typically at least one record every season. Best sites in recent years have been Chek Jawa, Seletar Dam, and Sungei Buloh.
Red Knot Calidris canutus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
After 24 years without a record in Singapore, two sightings were reported during the 2021-22 season. Will we see more this season?
Ruff Calidris pugnax
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Only one record in the last 10 years: in Dec 2016 at Sungei Buloh.
Broad-billed Sandpiper at SBWR. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Broad-billed Sandpiper Calidris falcinellus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Another increasingly rare wader, with most of its records in recent years coming in the month of Sep. Look out for them in flocks of other shorebirds.
Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 14 Sep 1980
Late date 12 Jan 1989
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
The last record of this rare shorebird in Singapore was in Nov 2001 at Tanah Merah.
Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
An increasingly scarce wader with only a handful of birds in recent years. Look out for birds in partial breeding plumage (with rufous patches on underparts) in July and August.
Long-toed Stint at SBWR. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
A scarce wader of flooded grasslands and other freshwater wetlands. Most records in September and October, but some birds are present through the winter.
Spoon-billed Sandpiper at Thailand. Photo Credit: Shirley Ng
Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 26 Oct 1963
Late date 03 Mar 1979
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Among the world's rarest birds, with its estimated population numbering less than 1000 birds. Last local record was in 2000.
Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A small and uncommon wader, with large numbers sometimes observed at Chek Jawa during the fall and winter months, and smaller numbers elsewhere.
Sanderling Calidris alba
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Most records of this rare wader in the last 10 years have been from the months of Oct-Nov.
Little Stint Calidris minuta
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
The only two records of this rare wader in Singapore have come since 2017. Difficulty in separation from Red-necked Stint is a significant challenge in identifying individuals of this species.
Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 28 Oct 1999
Late date 03 Jan 2000
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Few freshwater wetlands capable of supporting this species remain in Singapore.
Asian Dowitcher at SBWR. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Asian Dowitcher Limnodromus semipalmatus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Sightings in the last 10 years of this increasingly rare migrant have all been in the months of August, September, and October.
Pin-tailed Snipe Gallinago stenura
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The tail pattern is the only consistent way to distinguish this species from the rarer Swinhoe's Snipe. Good photographs of the spread tail are required: like while it preens, during landing, or very rarely, in mid-flight.
Swinhoe's Snipe Gallinago megala
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Jan 01-Jan 07, Jan 15-Jan 21, Jan 22-Jan 28 (3 more)
Early date 05 Nov 1955
Late date 19 Apr 2020
Double-tap to reset zoom
Much rarer than Pin-tailed Snipe, but possibly overloooked due to difficulty in separation from that species. Indeed, large numbers of snipes are left unidentified by observers, and with lots of effort, it is probably possible to pick out one of these among a large enough group of snipes.
Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Told from Pin-tailed and Swinhoe's Snipe by a prominent white trailing edge to the wing, and normally occupies wetter habitats.
Terek Sandpiper at SBWR. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Another increasingly scarce wader, but with a handful of sightings every year at the usual wader "hotspots": Yishun Dam, Sungei Buloh, Chek Jawa, and less frequently at other wetlands.
Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
One record of 14 birds on 28 Sep 2019 is the highest ever count of this species in Singapore. Two of its five records are from pelagic trips.
Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the most adaptable waders in Singapore, this species is often encountered in urban canals and small ponds in parks across the island.
Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
After two consecutive seasons with sporadic sightings at Lim Chu Kang Lane 3, this bird was not reported in the 2021-22 season.
Grey-tailed Tattler at SBWR. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Grey-tailed Tattler Tringa brevipes
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
This species is becoming increasingly difficult to find, with the only reported sightings since 2016 coming from Pulau Ubin and Pulau Tekong.
Common Redshank Tringa totanus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A common shorebird, with the largest numbers in the fall months, and smaller numbers persisting through the winter and spring months.
Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
This species is best looked for in September and early October, but first arrivals are as early as August. Often seen alongside the more numerous Common Greenshanks, from which it can be told by its pencil-thin, straight bill and longer legs.
Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the earliest-arriving waders, mostly found in freshwater habitats in Singapore. Look out for this bird in flooded grasslands and muddy patches with vegetation.
Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 01 Sep 1967
Late date 14 Apr 1979
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Last record of this vagrant wader was in Sep 1996 at Seletar.
Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Another one of the commoner shorebirds, early arrivals of this species are in August, with significant numbers present throughout the migratory season.
Nordmann's Greenshank Tringa guttifer
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 01 Aug 1964
Late date 01 Apr 1964
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
The last record of this endangered wader was in Nov 2008 at Sungei Buloh.
Oriental Pratincole at Seletar Dam. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Oriental Pratincole Glareola maldivarum
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The biggest numbers are encountered in Oct, when large flocks pass through at raptor migration hotspots.
Small Pratincole Glareola lactea
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 16 Nov 1964
Late date 24 Jan 1988
Bar chart not displayed for this species; bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Much smaller than Oriental Pratincole. Occurs in wetlands; usually winters in India, Thailand, and Myanmar but recorded as a vagrant in Singapore.
Brown-headed Gull Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 11 Nov 1967
Late date 22 Mar 1986
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Similar to the Black-headed Gull, but much rarer. Last recorded in Dec 1999.
Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Most common gull in Singapore, but still a rare species which is recorded very infrequently. Most recent records have fallen from mid-Dec to mid-Jan.
Gull-billed Tern at Sentosa Cove. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2012 to Jun 2022 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Mid-September appears to be the peak time for this rare visitor. This is usually the period when a few are seen in coastal locations, mainly in the north of Singapore.
Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Another very rare migrant with only one confirmed record since 2012; all three sightings since 2006 have been from the Mandai Mudflat area.
Greater Crested Tern Thalasseus bergii
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Quite numerous in winter, and large flocks can be observed at Chek Jawa during low tide.
Lesser Crested Tern Thalasseus bengalensis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Sightings in recent years appear to be declining, and it seems this species is a bit harder to find than Great Crested Terns.
Aleutian Tern Onychoprion aleuticus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A pelagic trip in Sep or Oct will be your best bet to see this species, which passes through Singapore during these months.
Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Recorded both as a migrant and a resident; migrates through the Singapore Strait in fall and spring. Peaks on the bar chart may be affected by the frequency of pelagic trips at different times of the year.
Common Tern Sterna hirundo
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
While historical records from Singapore's northern coast exist, all sightings in the past 10 years have been from the Singapore Strait.
First winter Whiskered Tern at Sungei Serangoon. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A annual migrant through Singapore, with most records in Sep-Nov and much smaller numbers in the spring.
White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucopterus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A regular migrant in significant numbers, forms huge congregations during migratory periods. Most records in recent years have been from Kranji, Seletar Dam, and Marina East.
Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 13 Nov 2010
Late date 19 Mar 2011
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Singapore's rarest jaeger species, with only two past records from the Singapore Straits in Nov 2010 and Mar 2011.
Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
A pelagic trip in October would be the best way to find one of these, but many recent sightings have come from outside Singapore's territorial waters.
Long-tailed Jaeger at Singapore Strait. Photo Credit: Con Foley
Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 20 Aug 2011
Late date 13 May 2012
Double-tap to reset zoom
Sporadically recorded during the peak pelagic migration months (Oct, Apr/May), but not seen since 2018.
White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 22 Jun 2015
Late date 22 Jun 2015
Double-tap to reset zoom
The only record of this species in Singapore so far was of a rescued bird in Jun 2015.
Swinhoe’s Storm Petrel at Singapore Strait
Swinhoe's Storm Petrel Hydrobates monorhis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Significant numbers pass through the Singapore Strait every September, as well as a smaller passage in May.
Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 22 Jun 1998
Late date 23 Jun 2021
Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the rarest seabirds in Singapore. Both past records have been of vagrants appearing inland, possibly blown ashore by weather conditions.
Short-tailed Shearwater Ardenna tenuirostris
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 24 Apr 2021
Late date 29 May 2021
Double-tap to reset zoom
Best seen in April and May, when this species migrates through the Singapore Straits annually.
Bulwer's Petrel Bulweria bulwerii
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Another recent addition to the Singapore checklist, with the first confirmed record in 2016.
Asian Openbill Anastomus oscitans
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Bar chart not displayed for this species; the large influx in late 2019 with birds lingering behind into 2021, means a bar chart is not a proper representation of this species's abundance.
A massive influx of this species in Dec 2019 was one of the most interesting events in recent Singapore birding history.
Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Two records in the past 10 years: in Sep 2019 at Kranji Dam, and in May 2022 at Lorong Halus.
Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Although a small resident population is believed to occur, the vast majority of Yellow Bitterns in Singapore are likely migrants. This is evident from the bar chart, which shows very small numbers from Jun-Sep.
Von Schrenck's Bittern Ixobrychus eurhythmus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023Peak weeks Jan 15-Jan 21, Feb 26-Mar 04, Mar 05-Mar 11 (1 more)
Early date 06 Oct 2012
Late date 08 May 2015
Double-tap to reset zoom
Singapore seems to be among the best places in the world to see this scarce and relatively poorly-known bittern. Find it quietly skulking along dark streams and mangrove edges from Oct to Apr.
Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Recorded year-round, although migrants make up a large number of the birds seen in Singapore. The presence of migrants from Nov-Apr makes this the easiest time of year to find this species.
Black Bittern Ixobrychus flavicollis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Nov to Apr is the best period to catch this scarce migrant, although oversummering has been recorded recently. (Data in the chart is only until Jun 2022.)
Adult Malayan Night Heron at Bidadari. Photo credit: Alan Ng
Malayan Night Heron Gorsachius melanolophus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Scarce and secretive forest heron. Its habits possibly contribute to the relatively low number of records here.
Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 08 Mar 2021
Late date 13 May 2021
Bar chart not displayed for this species; pond herons are only identifiable when they are in breeding plumage, so a bar chart would not offer a proper representation of this species's abundance at different times of the year.
Recorded annually in recent years, although this species was historically much rarer. Only identifiable in breeding plumage, usually in Mar-May.
Chinese Pond Heron Ardeola bacchus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Bar chart not displayed for this species; pond herons are only identifiable when they are in breeding plumage, so a bar chart would not offer a proper representation of this species's abundance at different times of the year.
This species can only be separated from Indian and Javan Pond Herons when they are in breeding plumage, usually in April and May.
Javan Pond Heron Ardeola speciosa
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Bar chart not displayed for this species; pond herons are only identifiable when they are in breeding plumage, so a bar chart would not offer a proper representation of this species's abundance at different times of the year.
This species can only be separated from Chinese and Indian Pond Herons when they are in breeding plumage, usually in April and May.
Eastern Cattle Egret Bubulcus coromandus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A very common migrant mostly encountered in fields, unlike the other egrets which tend to frequent marshier habitats and mudflats.
Great Egret Ardea alba
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The largest Ardea egret in Singapore.
Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Most egret species, including this one, have a significant number of oversummering birds present year-round. This species is similar, while the winter months are when the largest numbers are observed.
Little Egret Egretta garzetta
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
While several oversummering birds are present year-round, most birds return north during the breeding season, so numbers are highest in the winter months.
Chinese Egret Egretta eulophotes
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Most records recently have come from Chek Jawa; the largest numbers are usually recorded in the spring months.
Osprey Pandion haliaetus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A large fish-eating raptor normally found near waterbodies. Migrants from up north are supplemented with visitors from the surrounding region, which can be found year-round.
Crested Honey Buzzard at Jelutong Tower. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Thousands of the migratory orientalis race pass through Singapore in Oct and Nov each year, while the rarer torquatus race is resident in the Malay Peninsula and can be observed year-round.
Jerdon's Baza Aviceda jerdoni
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Just like the other baza in Singapore, a late migrant to our shores. Several birds have been spending their winter here, mainly in the northeast of the island.
Black Baza Aviceda leuphotes
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A late-arriving migrant, with the largest numbers observed passing through in November rather than late Oct.
Himalayan Vulture Gyps himalayensis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Recorded every year from 2019 to 2022 in the latter part of Dec and early Jan, suggesting they may be wandering to the Malay peninsula more frequently than before.
Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
An extraordinary record of a single bird together with Himalayan Vultures was one of the highlights of the 2021-22 migratory season.
Short-toed Snake Eagle (pale morph) at Tanah Merah. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Short-toed Snake Eagle Circaetus gallicus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
A very rare but quite distinctive raptor with records mostly from Oct to Dec.
Rufous-bellied Eagle Lophotriorchis kienerii
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
While some birds have been recorded oversummering in Singapore, most records of this rare raptor are during the migratory season.
Greater Spotted Eagle from Tuas. Photo credits: Koh Lian Heng
Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Another raptor which no longer winters regularly in Singapore due to habitat loss, but still encountered quite frequently in the first half of Nov.
Pale morph Booted Eagle at Punggol Barat. Photo Credit: Alan Ng
Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
The biggest number of individuals appear to pass through in the second week of Nov. Pale morph birds are less frequently observed than dark morphs in Singapore.
Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 01 Nov 1992
Late date 28 Feb 1999
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
No records since Feb 1999, when one bird was seen at Lorong Halus.
Juvenile Eastern Imperial Eagle at Pulau Sekudu. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Jan 01-Jan 07, Jan 08-Jan 14, Nov 05-Nov 11 (2 more)
Early date 03 Nov 1990
Late date 01 Mar 1987
Double-tap to reset zoom
One recent record: at Chek Jawa in Dec 2016-Jan 2017. A rather rare raptor not just in Singapore but elsewhere in southeast Asia too.
Shikra Accipiter badius
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
A very common raptor further north, migrating through Thailand in the thousands, but very few confirmed records in Singapore.
Adult male Chinese Sparrowhawk at Bidadari. Photo Credit: Alan Ng
Chinese Sparrowhawk Accipiter soloensis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Less numerous than the Japanese Sparrowhawk, but still one of the most common raptors during the early part of the peak raptor migration period.
Juvenile Japanese Sparrowhawk at Rifle Range Link. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Japanese Sparrowhawk Accipiter gularis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the commonest raptors on passage from Sep to Nov, and peak migration of this species is in end Oct.
Besra Accipiter virgatus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the rare Accipiter species of Singapore. Five records across two years in 2019 and 2020, but none in 2021.
Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Among the rarest raptors in Singapore. Most sightings have been in the later half of the main raptor migration period or even later in the season.
Eastern Marsh Harrier Circus spilonotus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Wintering birds of this species are hardly seen nowadays due to loss of their grassland habitat, so the raptor migration in Oct and Nov is your best bet for this species, as with most other scarce raptors.
Pied Harrier Circus melanoleucos
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Like most other scarce migrant raptors, no longer winters in Singapore due to habitat loss. Most recent records have come in November.
Juvenile Black Kite at Choa Chu Kang Christian Cemetery. Photo Credit: See Toh Yew Wai
Black Kite Milvus migrans
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the few scarce migratory raptors which still winters almost annually in Singapore. The most recent wintering bird was at the Kranji area.
Grey-faced Buzzard at Telok Blangah Hill Park. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Grey-faced Buzzard Butastur indicus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Used to be considered rare, but recently realized to be rather common at the end of Oct and in early Nov, and in early March to a lesser extent.
Eastern Buzzard at Changi. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Eastern Buzzard Buteo japonicus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
We're currently trying to figure out the relative abundance of the two Buteos recorded in Singapore (Common and Eastern). Look out for them in Oct and Nov, and do share your pictures online!
Common Buzzard Buteo buteo
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
It's currently unclear which is the more common of the two Buteos recorded in Singapore (Common and Eastern). But both species are hard to find outside of their main migratory period in late Oct and early Nov.
Northern Boobook at Pasir Ris Park. Photo Credit: Adrian Silas Tay
Northern Boobook Ninox japonica
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Peak migration for this species occurs in the first half of Nov, although it's occasionally sighted outside of this period. Teardrop-shaped underpart markings, compared to heart-shaped markings in Brown Boobook, are the main identification feature.
Greyish morph Oriental Scops Owl at Dairy Farm Nature Park. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Oriental Scops Owl Otus sunia
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A tiny and rather rare migrant owl, but possibly overlooked due to its nocturnal habits and preference for forested habitat.
Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
This species prefers large, open spaces with tall trees, and normally winters further north, so recent records in Singapore have been few and far between.
Oriental Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A significant number of dollarbirds in Singapore may be migrants from China or Russia. A resident population is also present year-round.
Ruddy Kingfisher. Photo Credit: Solomon Anthony
Ruddy Kingfisher Halcyon coromanda
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The resident subspecies minor has recently been recorded year-round on Pulau Ubin and might be breeding there. Subspecies coromanda is a scarce winter visitor and passage migrant.
Black-capped Kingfisher at SBWR. Photo credit: Solomon Anthony
Black-capped Kingfisher Halcyon pileata
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
This colourful kingfisher is a scarce winter visitor mostly seen from Oct to Mar every year.
Female Common Kingfisher at Jurong ECO Garden. Photo credit: See Toh Yew Wai
Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The most common migratory kingfisher in Singapore – listen for its high-pitched call as it whizzes over neighborhood canals and ponds.
Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher at Bidadari. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher Ceyx erithaca
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the most sought-after birds for bird photographers in Singapore, and a few are recorded at various sites every year from Sep to Nov.
Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 18 Sep 1994
Late date 18 Sep 1994
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Only one past record, at Punggol on 18 Sep 1994.
Blue-tailed Bee-eater at Seletar Aerospace Crescent. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Blue-tailed Bee-eater Merops philippinus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A very common winter visitor, and occurs alongside partially resident Blue-throated Bee-eaters during the migratory season.
Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 04 Jan 2001
Late date 18 Mar 2010
Bar chart not displayed for this species; no records in the given time period.
Two confirmed records for Singapore, both from Changi, in 2001 and 2010. Difficult to separate from the more common Common Kestrel.
Common Kestrel at Marina East Drive. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
To see this species without having to break your neck and squint your eyes at Henderson Waves, try looking out for one at a grassland area in the winter. Recently, there have been sightings at Marina East Drive and Seletar.
Female Amur Falcon in flight at Tanah Merah Coast Road. Photo credit: Adrian Silas Tay
Amur Falcon Falco amurensis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Apart from a very popular bird at Lorong Halus in late 2021, all other previous records were of birds just passing through Singapore.
Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Only one confirmed record for Singapore in Oct 2020 at Henderson Waves.
Peregrine Falcon at SBWR. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The most common falcon species in Singapore, and one of the most widespread raptors globally.
Blue-winged Pitta. Photo credit: Solomon Anthony
Blue-winged Pitta Pitta moluccensis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A significant population is now present throughout the year, although this wasn't the case until recently. Their loud calls during the breeding season likely explain the higher number of observations during the spring and summer months.
Hooded Pitta. Photo Credit: Zahidi Hamid
Hooded Pitta Pitta sordida
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A normally shy ground-dweller preferring shaded areas of forests and occasionally parks and gardens. One recent popular bird was surprisingly seen in an HDB estate!
Fairy Pitta at Dillenia Hut. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Fairy Pitta Pitta nympha
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
A beautiful and brightly-colored pitta, yet little is known about its migration habits. Could it be a more regular migrant to Singapore than we think?
Ashy Minivet Pericrocotus divaricatus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A gregarious bird, usually seen moving around parks and gardens in small parties. After learning its call you will soon find that it's basically everywhere!
Black-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Bar chart not displayed for this species; the migratory <em>diffusus</em> subspecies is much rarer than the resident subspecies, so a bar chart would not provide a proper representation.
Recent records of the diffusus race, likely a rare migrant to Singapore, have been from Dec-Mar.
Crow-billed Drongo Dicrurus annectens
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Most numerous during the fall passage from Oct to Nov, but wintering birds are found throughout the winter as well.
Hair-crested Drongo Dicrurus hottentottus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Singapore's first and only record so far was of one bird at Changi Business Park on 26 Nov 2019.
Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Two main flavours with several subspecies of this bird in Singapore. Pale grey forms are distinctive, while the darker nigrescens race requires more care as Black Drongo can be quite similar.
Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Recent sightings towards the end of Nov suggest that may be the best time of year to look for this rare migrant.
Indian Paradise Flycatcher at SBWR. Photo credit: Feroz Fizah
Indian Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Nov 12-Nov 18, Nov 26-Dec 02, Dec 03-Dec 09 (3 more)
Early date 11 Nov 2022
Late date 10 Apr 2018
Double-tap to reset zoom
The rarest paradise flycatcher in Singapore with just two past records, both at Sungei Buloh.
Blyth’s Paradise Flycatcher. Photo Credit: See Toh Yew Wai
Blyth's Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone affinis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Generally seems to arrive earlier than Amur Paradise Flycatcher, but possibly in smaller numbers. Most birds are observed during passage from Aug-Nov.
Amur Paradise Flycatcher. Photo Credit: See Toh Yew Wai
Amur Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone incei
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Based on current knowledge it seems that between Sep-Nov this species is fairly common, occurring alongside the less common Blyth's Paradise Flycatcher.
Male Black Paradise Flycatcher. Photo credit: Rey Aguila
Black Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone atrocaudata
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Scarce and mostly observed during the fall passage from late Oct to Nov, with a smaller peak in the spring. Long-tailed males are spectacular; females and immatures are less so, and slightly difficult to separate from the other paradise flycatchers.
Tiger Shrike Lanius tigrinus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Peak fall migration, from Sep to Oct, mostly consists of first-winter birds. Some individuals are present throughout the winter, and many birds observed in spring are in adult plumage.
Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the commonest migrant species in Singapore, but the lucionensis (with grey-washed crown) and superciliosus (with rich cinnamon on nape and crown) races deserve special attention.
Japanese Tit Parus minor
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Apr 09-Apr 15, Nov 05-Nov 11, Nov 12-Nov 18 (3 more)
Early date 27 Oct 2012
Late date 09 Apr 2020
Double-tap to reset zoom
Sporadically recorded in the 2019-2020 season at different sites across the island including Pasir Ris Park and Tuas South.
Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Only one record of this species in Singapore: in Nov 2018 at Pandan Reservoir.
Sand Martin Riparia riparia
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2016 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Recorded sporadically throughout the raptor migration period and in the winter months.
Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the earliest migrant species to arrive in Singapore, but the largest numbers are observed during the raptor migration in October and November as they pass through the island on their southward passage.
Siberian House Martin Delichon lagopodum
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Only two past records: in Jan and Dec 2021. It's unclear whether any of the house martins seen during the raptor migration period (Oct-Nov) are this species.
Asian House Martin Delichon dasypus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Previously considered a rare migrant, an increased number of sightings in recent years might be due to better coverage of raptor migration hotspots.
Red-rumped Swallow Cecropis daurica
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A swallow most often observed during the raptor migration period in Oct. A second disjunct peak in Jan is presumably associated more with wintering birds.
Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
This species has apparently become far more common in recent years, with several sightings in parks and gardens throughout the winter months.
Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscatus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Recorded three times from 2019-2022, and an abundant migrant in favourable habitat further north in southeast Asia. Could it be overlooked in Singapore?
Eastern Crowned Warbler Phylloscopus coronatus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The peak fall passage period for this species, from end Sep to end Oct, is the best time to catch one of these birds.
Sakhalin Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus borealoides
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
An annual migrant to Singapore in recent years, since the first confirmed sighting in 2013. Indistinguishable from Pale-legged Leaf Warbler without hearing its call (slightly lower pitched) or song (which is extremely different from Pale-legged).
Pale-legged Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus tenellipes
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Jan 01-Jan 07, Jan 08-Jan 14, Jan 15-Jan 21 (11 more)
Early date 12 Nov 2021
Late date 12 Feb 2022
Double-tap to reset zoom
Only one past record, from MacRitchie Reservoir in 2021-22. The call needs to be heard to separate it from the visually identical Sakhalin Leaf Warbler.
Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The commonest Phylloscopus warbler in Singapore. By early Oct, this species can be found in numbers across the island.
Oriental Reed Warbler Acrocephalus orientalis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One of two common Acrocephalus reed warblers in Singapore.
Black-browed Reed Warbler Acrocephalus bistrigiceps
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A common and highly vocal reed warbler from Dec to Apr. The somewhat similar Manchurian Reed Warbler, which remains unrecorded in Singapore, is larger and structurally different.
Booted Warbler Iduna caligata
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Jan 01-Jan 07, Jan 08-Jan 14, Jan 15-Jan 21 (12 more)
Early date 10 Dec 2017
Late date 23 Mar 2018
Double-tap to reset zoom
This species has a wide breeding range in the Palearctic, wintering mostly in India. Vagrants have been recorded as far east as Japan, and as far west as Spain.
Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler Helopsaltes certhiola
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A fairly common inhabitant of dense reedbeds, but more often heard than seen. Most frequently observed from Oct to Apr.
Lanceolated Warbler Locustella lanceolata
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Locustella warblers are named after the insect-like trilling of many members of the genus. This secretive species is no exception.
Red-billed Starling Spodiopsar sericeus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Previously considered only an escapee, but recent sightings in southeast Asia suggest that this species is likely to occur as a vagrant.
White-cheeked Starling Spodiopsar cineraceus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 16 Jan 2020
Late date 25 Apr 2021
Double-tap to reset zoom
Another rare vagrant starling. Favours open grassland habitats, sometimes joining other starlings in mixed flocks.
Daurian Starling Agropsar sturninus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One record of up to 60,000 individuals in Oct 2021 makes it hard to read the details on this chart, but you can zoom vertically using click-and-drag on a computer, and pinch/scroll on some mobile devices.
Chestnut-cheeked Starling Agropsar philippensis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
A truly difficult species to twitch – although it has more than one record per year on average since 2019, repeated efforts to relocate reported birds have often proved futile.
White-shouldered Starling Sturnia sinensis
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Small numbers are sometimes seen associating with the more common Daurian Starlings through the migratory period.
Brahminy Starling Sturnia pagodarum
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Feb 05-Feb 11, Feb 12-Feb 18, Feb 19-Feb 25 (6 more)
Early date 01 Oct 1971
Late date 12 May 2016
Bar chart not displayed for this species; several possible escapee records create a poor quality bar chart; refer to the species page (linked above).
One of the several rare vagrant starlings in Singapore. As it is recorded in the captive bird trade, some of Singapore's records may be of escapee origin.
Rosy Starling Pastor roseus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
A rare vagrant to Singapore with records during various parts of the migratory season.
Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Another vagrant from the 2021-22 season, this bird was seen for a few days at Marina East Drive.
Subadult Male Siberian Thrush at Dairy Farm Nature Park. Photo credit: Alan Ng
Siberian Thrush Geokichla sibirica
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A scarce, generally unobtrusive thrush which prefers the high canopy in fruiting trees. Like other thrushes, sometimes comes to the ground to feed.
Orange-heade Thrush – ssp innotata – at Hindhede Park. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Orange-headed Thrush Geokichla citrina
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the latest passerine migrants to arrive in Singapore, with only a handful of records before mid-Dec.
Chinese Blackbird Turdus mandarinus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Early date 11 Feb 2020
Late date 16 Feb 2020
Double-tap to reset zoom
Breeding in central and eastern China, with some populations wintering in southern China, this species is a rare vagrant in southeast Asia.
Eyebrowed Thrush at Dairy Farm Nature Park. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Eyebrowed Thrush Turdus obscurus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The last week of Nov is the best time to see this species by a long stretch. Sometimes seen flying over during migration, and often congregates in small numbers at fruiting trees.
Grey-streaked Flycatcher Muscicapa griseisticta
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Only one confirmed past record: at a private nursery in Sembawang in Nov 2021.
Dark-sided Flycatcher Muscicapa sibirica
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A generally uncommon Muscicapa with several sightings from Sep to Apr every year.
Ferruginous Flycatcher at Bidadari. Photo Credit: Alan Ng
Ferruginous Flycatcher Muscicapa ferruginea
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Another flycatcher with most records during the fall passage from Oct to Dec.
Asian Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa dauurica
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
The fall migration of this species builds up throughout September, reaching a peak in mid-October, and many remain throughout the winter.
Brown-streaked Flycatcher Muscicapa williamsoni
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Another early migrant, with many birds passing through Singapore in July, August, and September. Some spend the winter here, like the one at the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve summit in the 2021-22 season.
Spotted Flycatcher at Kent Ridge Park
Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Another mega vagrant to our shores, with only one record so far, in Oct 2022.
Probable Female Blue-and-white Flycatcher at Tuas South. Photo Credit: See Toh Yew Wai
Blue-and-white Flycatcher Cyanoptila cyanomelana
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Feb 12-Feb 18, Nov 12-Nov 18, Nov 26-Dec 02 (1 more)
Early date 14 Nov 2020
Late date 25 Mar 2023
Double-tap to reset zoom
Barring the occasional photogenic male, this species is hardly seen well in Singapore due to its preference for tall trees. Immature and female birds are also not identifiable in the field from the highly similar Zappey's Flycatcher.
Zappey’s Flycatcher at Bidadari. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Zappey's Flycatcher Cyanoptila cumatilis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Only adult males are identifiable in the field, as other plumages cannot be safely separated from Blue-and-white Flycatcher.
Chinese Blue Flycatcher Cyornis glaucicomans
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Feb 19-Feb 25, Feb 26-Mar 04, Mar 05-Mar 11 (4 more)
Early date 11 Oct 2020
Late date 16 Mar 2020
Double-tap to reset zoom
One of only two rare Cyornis flycatchers in Singapore, the other one being the Mangrove Blue Flycatcher.
Brown-chested Jungle Flycatcher at Bidadari. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Brown-chested Jungle Flycatcher Cyornis brunneatus
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Almost exclusively a passage migrant, with most records from Oct and Nov. Records at other parts of the migratory season are infrequent.
Male Siberian Blue Robin at Genting Highlands. Photo credit: See Toh Yew Wai
Siberian Blue Robin Larvivora cyane
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
This species is likely to be most numerous during the fall passage from Oct to Nov, but the earliest arrivals come in as early as Sep.
Male Yellow-rumped Flycatcher in spring plumage at Tuas South. Photo credit: See Toh Yew Wai
Yellow-rumped Flycatcher Ficedula zanthopygia
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Mostly recorded as a passage migrant through Singapore: in fall, from end-Aug to mid-Nov, and in spring, in Mar and Apr.
Green-backed Flycatcher at Dillenia Hut. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Green-backed Flycatcher Ficedula elisae
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
Once considered a rare migrant to Singapore, this species is now known to be much commoner, with several records from various sites every year.
Narcissus Flycatcher (male) from Sepilok, Sabah. Photo credits: Micky Lim
Narcissus Flycatcher Ficedula narcissina
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
The handful of recent records have all come between the last week and Nov and mid-Dec.
First-winter male Mugimaki Flycatcher at Bidadari. Photo Credit: Francis Yap
Mugimaki Flycatcher Ficedula mugimaki
Estimated average number of individuals by week based on eBird data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 Double-tap to reset zoom
A late-arriving flycatcher, with most records after mid-Nov. Most birds recorded here are females or first-winter individuals.
Taiga Flycatcher Ficedula albicilla
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Feb 19-Feb 25, Feb 26-Mar 04, Mar 05-Mar 11 (3 more)
Early date 24 Oct 2022
Late date 20 Mar 2020
Double-tap to reset zoom
The two confirmed records before 2022 were in November or later, but a recent sighting of one bird at Berlayer Creek is a new early date.
Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records)Peak weeks Jan 01-Jan 07, Jan 08-Jan 14, Jan 15-Jan 21 (7 more)
Early date 28 Nov 2021
Late date 02 Feb 2022
Double-tap to reset zoom
One of the other mega rarities of the 2021-22 migratory season, a single bird showed up at a canal in Pasir Panjang and stayed for several weeks.
Daurian Redstart at Satay by the Bay. Photo credit: Francis Yap
Daurian Redstart Phoenicurus auroreus
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Singapore's list of redstarts has grown from 0 to 2 species within the last decade. This is the less rare of the two, with the other being the Black Redstart, although both are vagrants.
White-throated Rock Thrush Monticola gularis
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
Most records from Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, but not recorded there since 2012. Last confirmed sighting was in Nov 2013 at Bidadari.
Subadult male Blue Rock Thrush at Sentosa. Photo Credit: Jonathan Cheah
Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2013 to Jun 2023 (all records) Double-tap to reset zoom
A bird with an affinity for high-rise gardens in Singapore, as well as one of the earlier migrants, with many records in Sep. Look out for the rarer pandoo race, which has all-blue underparts.