Northern Boobook

Northern Boobook
This species is defined as a Review Species . Please submit your records of this species via our record submission page .

Scientific Name: Ninox japonica

Malay Name: Pungguk Betemak Utara

Chinese Name: 北鹰鸮

Range: Breeding Range: (OR) Russian Far East to Korea, Japan; Taiwan

Taxonomy: Polytypic. Subspecies are: florensis, japonica, totogo.

Size: 30-31 cm

Identification: Similar to Brown Boobook, but differs in its proportionately smaller head, more elongated appearance, longer wings that almost reach the tail-tip when perched, and teardrop-shaped (vs. heart-shaped) markings on underparts. Some Brown Boobook can show a combination of heart-shaped and teardrop-shaped markings, but these are usually restricted to the flanks and markings on the lower belly are heart-shaped. 

Similar looking species: Brown Boobook

Habitat: While on migration will make use of any habitat with trees, including scrubland and other areas outside of the closed forests that characterise our central reserves. In comparison, Brown Boobook is only occasionally encountered outside forest.

Behaviour/Ecology: Long-distance migrant from eastern Asia. Vocalisations are highly distinct from local Brown Boobook, but calls rarely in its wintering grounds. 

Local Status: Rare migrant

Conservation Status: Least Concern (BirdLife International 2016)

Featured reports: Mar 2022, Apr 2022, Nov 2022, Mar 2023, Apr 2023, Nov 2023, Jan 2024, Mar 2024, Oct 2024

Past records in our database:

Showing only accepted records. Note that records currently under review are also not displayed, and the list may not be a full list of records of this species in Singapore. For more details, check the database here.

Migrant bar chart (see more bar charts):

Northern Boobook Ninox japonica
Average number of individuals by week based on Singapore Bird Database data, Jul 2014 to Jun 2024 (all records)
Peak week Nov 05-Nov 11
Early date 25 Oct 2022
Late date 25 Apr 2020
Peak migration for this species occurs in the first half of Nov, although it's occasionally sighted outside of this period. Teardrop-shaped underpart markings, compared to heart-shaped markings in Brown Boobook, are the main identification feature.
Northern Boobook at Pasir Ris Park. Photo Credit: Adrian Silas Tay
Northern Boobook at Tuas. Photo Credit: Con Foley

External Links:

Conservation Status: IUCN Red List Page

Sound Recordings: xeno-canto Link

Wikipedia Entry: Wikipedia Link

eBird Species page: eBird (Northern Boobook)

References:

BirdLife International. (2016). Ninox japonica. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22725653A94898452.en. Accessed on 1 January 2023

Jeyarajasingam, A., & Pearson, A. (2012). A Field Guide to the Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Oxford University Press.

Robson, C. (2014). Field guide to the birds of South-East Asia (Second Edition). Bloomsbury Publishing, London.

RECOMMENDED CITATION

Bird Society of Singapore. (n.d.). Northern Boobook. Retrieved on December 21, 2024 from https://singaporebirds.com/species/northern-boobook.

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