Passer montanus
Family: Snowfinches and Old World Sparrows · Status: Very common resident · Size: 14–14.5 cm · Conservation: Least Concern
Occurs across Europe and Asia. A very common resident in Singapore.
Sexes similar. Separated from male House Sparrow by smaller size, browner underparts, chestnut cap, dark cheek patch. Female House Sparrow more drab, lacks bib, chestnut cap, and richer brown colouration of Eurasian Tree Sparrow.
Open habitat, including parks, urban areas, grasslands, and fields. Often associated with human presence.
Gregarious, associates in flocks. Primarily feeds on ground but also forages on plants and trees.